The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.